2024-04-19 22:18:57
The sugar cane genome has finally been completely deciphered by an international team of scientists who published it on March 28, 2024 in the prestigious journal Nature. It is the most harvested plant in the world: 80% of global sugar production, but also the one with the most complex DNA sequence, due both to the long history of its domestication, but also of its production, intimately linked to slavery and colonization.
How far does the science ? Even reading in the DNA of sugar cane, the entire history of its domestication and its link with slavery and colonization. The entire genome of sugar cane has just been completely sequenced and published in the scientific journal Nature.
Which was, let us point out, a real challenge: the genome of sugar cane, the most harvested plant in the world in terms of biomass, which today provides 80% of global sugar production, is formidable. complexity. Its DNA sequence includes 8.7 billion letters, twenty times more than the rice genome and… three times more than that of humans. It took five years of work, carried out in collaboration by 34 researchers from around the world, to decipher the entire genome of a variety of sugar cane, R570 for short, currently cultivated in the West Indies, on the African continent as well that at the meeting andMAURITIUS.
The 8.7 billion letters were read in one of the largest sequencing centers, in Berkeley, California; the 114 chromosomes were isolated by Australian and Czechoslovakian teams; and all these data were interpreted in Montpellier by researchers from Cirad who had begun this enormous work of sequencing the DNA of sugar cane which takes us back… 10,000 years ago in Papua New Guineawhere it was probably domesticated from a non-sweet wild species to give rise to a new sweet species.
You should know that it is the stem, the cane which stores the sucrose. This new species of sugar cane was then transported to neighboring islands in the Pacific and then to Inde and in Chine where it, again, naturally hybridized with another non-sweet wild species to give rise to new sweet species, more resistant and better adapted to less hot climates.
This astonishing journey is not only inscribed in the genes of sugar cane, but, as Florence Rozier points out in the journal The world, it is also heard in all our Indo-European languages. The word sugar comes from the Sanskrit word sarkara and is sekar in Persian. However, sugar cane was imported into Persia in the 6th century, before being introduced by the Arabs (we say sukkar in Arabic) to Cyprus and Crete in the following century, then to Andalusia in the 8th century and these were the Crusades. who, from the 12th century, introduced sugar cane into Europe or sugar (saccharum in Latin) is then sold by apothecaries for its medicinal virtues
The use of sugar then spread with the growth of trade. Sugar becomes an external sign of wealth, first reserved for aristocrats, then for the bourgeoisie. A lucrative trade also for the merchants of Venice in particular, who imported it from the Orient. Sugar cane will then be produced and cultivated on the Mediterranean islands, in the Canaries and as far as the New World, in the Americas, where it was introduced at the beginning of the 16th century. This is where everything goes wrong. Sugar consumption is becoming widespread and intensifying. The price of sugar fell as it was increasingly grown in the American colonies by slaves.
Men and women are imported en masse from Africa to work on the plantations and the sugar magnates become rich. Judge for yourself: in 1700, 10 countries exported 60,000 tons of sugar from their colonies thanks to African slaves; in 1770, it rose to 200,000 tons. “ None of this would have been possible without the brutal and unprecedented transportation of millions of enslaved Africans.underlines the British historian James Walvin. Sugar had become synonymous with slavery “. How far has sugar cane taken us? Until the worst, that is certain. Even down to our current addiction to sugar… But that’s another story.
Also read: DNA: a fundamental scientific discovery
#Deciphering #sugarcane #DNA
Related
Vivaldi recebe otimizações para Windows em Arm, preparando-se para o Windows 11
The arrival of popular applications to Windows on Arm is a significant development, especially for Qualcomm, as they prepare to launch new processors for Arm-based notebooks. In addition to the Snapdragon X Elite, there are speculations about the release of other chip options for more affordable devices on April 24th.
Various computer manufacturers are expected to release notebooks with the Snapdragon X Elite in 2024, including Acer, ASUS, Dell, HP, Lenovo, Microsoft, and Samsung. Some of these models have already appeared in benchmark tests, promising performance comparable to 13th generation Intel Core processors and Apple M2.
The introduction of the Vivaldi browser to Windows on Arm follows the trend of expanding app availability on the platform. With Google Chrome already available, Vivaldi offers users another option for browsing the web efficiently on Arm-based devices.
As technology continues to advance, the compatibility of popular applications with Windows on Arm will be crucial for the success of Arm-based devices in the market. The collaboration between software developers and hardware manufacturers will play a key role in providing users with a seamless experience across different platforms.
In conclusion, the expansion of app availability on Windows on Arm, including the introduction of the Vivaldi browser, signifies a positive step towards enhancing the user experience on Arm-based devices. With more options and compatibility with popular applications, users can enjoy a diverse range of software on their devices, ultimately leading to a more versatile and efficient computing experience.nt.
The Future of Computing: Vivaldi Browser Coming to Windows on Arm
In a move that could potentially shake up the tech industry, the Vivaldi browser is set to make its debut on Windows on Arm devices. This development comes as part of a larger trend of popular applications expanding their reach to new platforms, with Vivaldi following in the footsteps of Google Chrome.
Breaking Boundaries
The arrival of Vivaldi on Windows on Arm is a significant step forward for the platform, opening up new possibilities for users and developers alike. With the increasing popularity of Arm-based devices, having a browser like Vivaldi available will provide users with more choice and flexibility in their computing experience.
Qualcomm, the company behind the Snapdragon processors used in many Arm-based devices, is also gearing up for the launch of new chips for Arm-based notebooks. The introduction of popular apps like Vivaldi to the Windows on Arm ecosystem will be crucial for Qualcomm’s success in this space.
A New Era of Performance
With the Snapdragon X Elite set to power a new generation of notebooks in 2024, users can expect performance that rivals traditional Intel and Apple processors. This level of performance, combined with the efficiency of Arm-based devices, could mark a turning point in the computing industry.
As more manufacturers embrace Arm-based technology, we can expect to see a wider range of devices offering powerful performance and long battery life. The competition between traditional x86 processors and Arm-based chips is heating up, with consumers set to benefit from the innovation and choice that this competition brings.
Looking Ahead
As we move towards a future where Arm-based devices are more prevalent, the arrival of Vivaldi on Windows on Arm is a sign of things to come. With a growing ecosystem of apps and devices, users can look forward to a more diverse and dynamic computing experience.
Whether you’re a fan of Vivaldi or simply curious about the future of computing, the expansion of popular apps to new platforms is an exciting development. As technology continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more innovation and creativity in the world of computing.
Stay tuned for the latest updates on Vivaldi’s journey to Windows on Arm and the future of computing as a whole.
Related posts:
Vivaldi recebe otimizações para Windows em Arm, preparando-se para o Windows 11
Blackmagic launches its free camera app for Android phones
2024-04-17 19:30:00
A Blackmagic is developing an interesting solution for those who want to use their cell phone to record videos. It’s your own filming appwhich received a preview released by the company this week during the event NAB Las Vegas. The company even already has an app for devices that run the iOS system.
With the name of Blackmagic Camera, the application may also appear on Google’s operating system. An important detail is that the program will be available for free, which could attract many people who are looking for an app to make video recordings and produce content for social networks.
The channel MrAlexTech published a video at the event in which he managed to interact with the application demonstration. The application was running on a Google Pixel 8 Pro and a Galaxy S24 Ultra and it can be seen that the program looks quite polished. The production shows several manual controls such as focus, frame rate and ISSO.
Not only that, but the app also has a button that allows you to change lenses for different situations. Therefore, Blackmagic Camera promises to be a very complete option for capturing videos. In addition, it even offers the option of synchronizing with the cloud so you can access footage taken on your computer for editing.
Although interesting, Blackmagic’s new solution is not yet available and does not have a release date. So, we can only wait until more news about the application is released.
Also check out: the camera model announced by Insta360 recently and which smartphone topped DxOMark in the camera test.
1713416675
#Blackmagic #launches #free #camera #app #Android #phones
Related posts: